B.感覺行為型動詞:
感覺行為型動詞表示人利用眼、耳、鼻、舌及其它感官,主動地去感受外界事物刺激的行為。這是一種“主動感覺”(active perception)。主要動詞有 look at/listen to/smell/taste/feel等。現将這類動詞特點分述如下:
(1)這類動詞表示感覺行為,而不表示感覺能力、感覺狀态或感覺結果,例如:
79)I looked carefully and saw a man in the distance.
(我仔細看去,看見遠處有一個人。)
80)I listened attentively but heard nothing.
(我側耳傾聽,但是什麼也沒有聽見。)
(2)這類動詞可以用進行時态,而感覺能力型動詞則不能用進行時态,例如:
81) a.I(can)see a bus in the distance.
(我看見遠處有一輛公共汽車。)
b.I am looking at a bus in the distance.
(我注視着遠處的一輛公共汽車。)
82)a.I(can)hear what she is saying.
(我聽得見她說的話。)
b.I am listening to what she is saying.
(我在聽她講的話。)
83)a.I(can)smell the perfume.
(我聞到這股香味。)
b.I am smelling the perfume.
(我在聞這香味。)
84)a.I(can)taste salt in my porridge.
(我嘗出這粥裡放了鹽。)
b.I am tasting the porridge,to see if it contains enough salt.
(我在嘗這粥,看是否放夠了鹽。)
85)a.I(can)feel the ground.
(我感到夠着地了。)
b.I am feeling the ground with my leftfoot.
(我在用我的左腳試探地面的情況。)
(3)動詞 look at和 listen to後面可以跟複合賓語,句型為 look at/listen to+sb.+doing sth.,表示“注意看”或“注意聽”的意思,例如:
86)a.I looked at them running.
b.I watched them running.
(我看着他們跑。)
87)We listened to him playing the piano.
(我們聽他彈鋼琴。)
(4)動詞 look at,see,watch用來表示目的狀語時,是否可行,要根據詞組搭配而定,例如:
88)a.I'm going to look at the film.(Impossible)
b.l'm going to see the film.
c.I'm going to watch the film.(Impossible)
(我要去看那電影。)
89)a.I'm going to look at television.(Impossible)
b.I'm going to see television.(Impossible)
c.I'm going to watch television.
(我要看電視。)
90)a.I went to look at the Picasso exhibition.
b.I went to see the Picasso exhibition.
C.I went to watch the Picasso exhibition.(Impossible)
(我去參觀畢加索畫展了。)
91)a.I went to look at a football match.(Impossible)
b.I went to see a football match.
c.I went to watch a football match.
(我去觀看了一場足球比賽。)
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