緻他的嬌羞的女友
馬維爾的《緻他的嬌羞的女友》之所以能從衆多同類主題的詩歌中脫穎而出,一個重要原因就是他在詩中使用了邏輯中的三段論的推理和說理方式,以故為新。以哲理入詩是玄學派詩歌的另一顯著特點。“詩雖不是讨論哲學和宣傳宗教的工具,但是它的後面如果沒有哲學和宗教就不易達到深廣的境界。”
安德魯·馬維爾(Andrew Marvell, 1621―1678)是17世紀英國著名的玄學派詩人。然而,與其他玄學派詩人不同的是,馬維爾被一些批評家看作是一位承前啟後的詩人。他不但繼承了伊麗莎白時代愛情詩中的浪漫主義傳統,成為一位具有浪漫主義氣質的詩人,而且開啟了18世紀古典主義的“理性時代”。古典派詩人偏重意象的完整優美,喜以哲理入詩;浪漫派詩人則偏重情感的自然流露。二者各有偏重,前者重形式,而後者則重實質。在馬維爾的詩中,常能體現二者的完美結合,理性令他的詩寓意深刻,浪漫則使他的詩情境優美。
Had we but world enough, and time,
This coyness, Lady, were no crime
We would sit down and think which way
To walk and pass our long love's day.
Thou by the Indian Ganges' side
Shouldst rubies find: I by the tide
Of Humber would complain. I would
Love you ten years before the Flood,
And you should, if you please, refuse
Till the conversion of the Jews.
我們如有足夠的天地和時間,
你這嬌羞,小姐,就算不得什麼罪愆.
我們可以坐下來,考慮向哪方
去散步,消磨這漫長的戀愛時光。
你可以在印度的恒河岸邊
尋找紅寶石,我可以在亨柏之畔
望潮哀歎。我可以在洪水
未到之前十年,愛上了你,
你也可以拒絕,如果你高興,
直到猶太人皈依基督正宗。
My vegetable love should grow
Vaster than empires, and more slow;
An hundred years should go to praise
Thine eyes and on thy forehead gaze;
Two hundred to adore each breast,
But thirty thousand to the rest;
An age at least to every part,
And the last age should show your heart.
For, Lady, you deserve this state,
Nor would I love at lower rate.
我的植物般的愛情可以發展,
發展得比那些帝國還寥廓,還緩慢。
我要用一百個年頭來贊美
你的眼睛,凝視你的娥眉,
用二百年來膜拜你的酥胸,
其餘部分要用三萬個春冬。
每一部分至少要一個時代,
最後的時代才把你的心展開。
隻有這樣的氣派,小姐,才配你,
我的愛的代價也不應比這還低。
But at my back I always hear
Time's wingèd chariot hurrying near;
And yonder all before us lie
Deserts of vast eternity.
Thy beauty shall no more be found,
Nor, in thy marble vault, shall sound
My echoing song: then worms shall try
That long preserved virginity,
And your quaint honour turn to dust,
And into ashes all my lust:
The grave's a fine and private place,
But none, I think, do there embrace.
但是在我背後我總聽到
Sits on thy skin like morning dew,
And while thy willing soul transpires
At every pore with instant fires,
Now let us sport us while we may,
And now, like amorous birds of prey,
Rather at once our time devour
Than languish in his slow-chapt power.
Let us roll all our strength and all
Our sweetness up into one ball,
And tear our pleasures with rough strife
Through the iron gates of life:
Thus, though we cannot make our sun
Stand still, yet we will make him run.
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